Whenever it comes to project management it relays on two modes of play, they are the
Bottom – up and Top – down project management. These are the two ways of approaches
to proceed any business.
Top – Down Approach
In every firm the management’s most favourite approach to any project will be the Top –
Down approach. Top – Down simply means that the project starts with the top level official
and simultaneously flows down to the lower deck of staffs, starting with the persons who
starts the guidelines and workers who follows the guidelines and starts the production. The
most advantageous system of Top – Down approach is that it is executed with stepwise
refinement hence there is no official clash between the workers and the staffs of any
organization. Top – Down approach is the big picture and it slowly breaks down to shorter
segments.
Bottom – Up Approach
In this approach it is generally referred to as the piecing together of systems to give rise to
more complex systems, thus making the original systems sub-systems of the emergent
system. Bottom-up processing is a type of function processing based on incoming data from
the surrounding to form a perception. From a cognitive psychology perspective, information
enters the eyes in one direction, and is then turned into an image by the brain that can be
interpreted and recognized as a perception. In a bottom-up approach the individual base
elements of the system are first specified in great detail. These elements are then linked
together to form larger subsystems, which then in turn are linked, sometimes in many
levels, until a complete higher-level system is formed. This strategy often resembles a
"seed" section, by which the initiating’s are small but eventually grow in complexity and
completeness. However, "organic strategies" may result in a tangle of elements and
subsystems, developed in isolation and subject to local optimization as opposed to meeting
a world purpose.